Signs of Drug Overdose
Understanding Drug Overdose and Getting Help at Creekside Recovery Residences
Many people struggling with addiction believe they can control their substance use, often ignoring the risks of severe medical harm or even death. Overdose signs may go unnoticed, putting a person at risk of losing their life. It’s crucial to recognize the signs of an overdose and take immediate action. Once medically stabilized, individuals need to seek professional care for their substance use disorder to prevent future incidents.
If you or a loved one is experiencing an overdose, call 911 or visit your nearest emergency room immediately.
What is a Drug Overdose?
A drug overdose occurs when someone consumes a toxic amount of a substance, causing physical or mental harm, or even death. Overdoses can result in severe disruptions to the body and brain, requiring immediate medical attention. Overdose can happen with a variety of substances, including both illegal and over-the-counter drugs.
A 2018 report listed the ten drugs most frequently involved in overdose deaths:
- Fentanyl
- Heroin
- Hydrocodone (e.g., Vicodin, Lortab)
- Methadone
- Morphine
- Oxycodone (e.g., Oxycontin)
- Alprazolam (e.g., Xanax)
- Diazepam (e.g., Valium)
- Cocaine
- Methamphetamine
Signs and Symptoms of a Drug Overdose
Overdose symptoms vary depending on the substance used and the amount taken. Symptoms can also be compounded if multiple substances were used simultaneously. Depressant drugs typically slow breathing, while stimulants accelerate bodily functions, both of which can be fatal.
Alcohol Overdose
Symptoms of alcohol overdose include:
- Low body temperature
- Confusion and disorientation
- Labored breathing
- Weak pulse
- Seizures
- Vomiting
- Coma
Opioid Overdose
Opioid overdoses can be reversed with Narcan (naloxone), a life-saving drug. Common symptoms include:
- Labored breathing
- Weak pulse
- Confusion
- Small pupils
- Vomiting
- Unconsciousness
Benzodiazepine Overdose
Overdose on benzodiazepines (e.g., Xanax, Valium) often occurs when combined with alcohol or opioids. Symptoms include:
- Confusion
- Hallucinations
- Labored breathing
- Unconsciousness
- Slow coordination
Cocaine Overdose
As a stimulant, cocaine overdose symptoms can be life-threatening. Common signs include:
- Rapid heart rate
- Sweating
- Confusion
- Cardiac arrest
- Hallucinations
- Seizures
Crystal Meth Overdose
Symptoms of a crystal meth overdose often include hyperactivity. Common signs are:
- Seizures
- Tremors
- Chest pain
- Vomiting
- Rapid heart rate
- Coma
What To Do If You Suspect an Overdose
If someone shows signs of an overdose, immediate medical attention is critical. Call 911 or take the person to an emergency room. Administer CPR and Narcan if available and appropriate. It’s important to be honest with medical professionals about the substances used to ensure proper treatment.
Accessing Narcan
Narcan is widely available without a prescription. You can obtain it from several sources, including:
- Narcan.com: Offers a guide on obtaining and administering Narcan.
- CVS and Walgreens: Both major pharmacy chains offer Narcan nasal spray without a prescription.
- Naloxone Exchange: Delivers Narcan to your home.
- GoodRX: Provides discounts for Narcan prescriptions.
How Does a Drug Overdose Happen?
Several factors can increase the risk of overdose, including:
- Increasing dosage after a break: Resuming a previous dosage after a period of reduced use can overwhelm the body, which may have developed a lower tolerance.
- Unknown ingredients: Illegal drugs often contain unknown or dangerous ingredients that increase the risk of overdose.
- Using multiple substances: Mixing substances (e.g., alcohol with opioids) can increase overdose risk.
- Using drugs while alone: Overdosing while alone may prevent the person from seeking help.
- Poor medical health: Underlying health conditions can increase overdose risks, especially when mixing prescribed medications with illicit drugs.
How Is Drug Addiction Treated?
Treating substance use disorders requires professional care, beginning with detox to clear the body of toxins. Detox typically lasts 5 to 10 days, followed by treatment aimed at addressing the root causes of addiction. This phase focuses on developing healthy coping mechanisms to prevent relapse.
Treatment options include:
- Residential treatment: Individuals live in a treatment facility for 30 to 90 days.
- Outpatient treatment: Allows individuals to live at home while receiving treatment during the day.
- Sober living homes: Provide a supportive environment for those transitioning from residential care, offering access to therapies and treatment modalities.
